Jammu University NON CBCS Persian 2nd Semester Previous Year Question Paper

Jammu University NON CBCS Persian 2nd Semester Previous Year Question Paper PDF

Persian under the NON CBCS system at Jammu University offers a comprehensive study of Persian language, classical literature, poetry, and cultural heritage. The 2nd Semester builds upon foundational knowledge with advanced grammar, classical Persian literature, poetic forms, calligraphy, and historical development of Persian language and its influence on Indian culture.

Section A consists of 10 short-answer questions (1 mark each) covering basic Persian grammar, literary terms, poet identification, and historical concepts.

Section B requires detailed explanations (6 marks each) on topics like poetic analysis, prose comprehension, literary movements, and historical context of Persian literature in India.

Section C features comprehensive analytical questions (15 marks each) demanding critical analysis of classical works, comparative studies, and application of literary theories in Persian context.

The examination emphasizes both language proficiency and literary appreciation. Students are expected to demonstrate mastery of Persian grammar (Nastaʿlīq script), ability to analyze poetic forms (Ghazal, Masnavi, Rubai), understanding of literary movements, and critical evaluation of classical prose works.

Key areas of focus include advanced grammar rules, figures of speech, metrical patterns (Bahar), literary criticism approaches, major Persian poets (Hafez, Saadi, Rumi, Ferdowsi), and significant prose writers. Special emphasis is given to Persian literature's development in Indian subcontinent and its influence on regional languages.

📖 Download Persian 2nd Semester Previous Year Question Paper

Access complete previous year papers with solutions, literary analysis, and Nastaʿlīq writing practice

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File Size: 3.5 MB | Format: PDF | Includes: 2015-2026 Papers + Literary Analysis + Grammar Guide

📚 Course Structure & Syllabus Breakdown

📋 Course Overview

Program: B.A. Persian (NON CBCS)
Semester: 2nd
University: University of Jammu
Course Code: PER-102 / PER-202
Total Marks: 100 (Theory: 80, Internal: 20)
Duration: 3 Hours
Script: Nastaʿlīq/Arabic (Answers in Persian language)
Specialization: Classical Persian Literature & Poetry

📖 Unit-wise Syllabus

Unit	Topics & Content	Marks
Unit I	Advanced Persian Grammar: Sarf (morphology), Nahw (syntax), Advanced verb conjugations, Sentence structures, Essay writing, Letter writing, Translation techniques, Nastaʿlīq calligraphy practice	20
Unit II	Classical Persian Poetry: Study of classical poets: Hafez, Saadi, Rumi, Ferdowsi, Poetic forms: Ghazal, Masnavi, Rubai, Qasida, Critical analysis of prescribed poems, Meter (Bahar) and rhyme patterns	25
Unit III	Persian Prose & Literature: Classical Persian prose: "Gulistan" of Saadi, "Bustan" of Saadi, Historical texts, Essay writing: Critical essays by notable writers, Modern Persian short stories	20
Unit IV	Literary Criticism & History: Principles of Persian literary criticism, Major critics: Shams-i-Qays, Daulat Shah Samarqandi, History of Persian literature: From ancient to modern times, Persian in Indian subcontinent, Contribution of Indian Persian poets	15

📊 Examination Pattern

Theory Paper (80 marks)

Section A: 10 short questions × 1 mark = 10
Section B: 5 out of 7 questions × 6 marks = 30
Section C: 4 out of 6 questions × 10 marks = 40

Internal Assessment (20 marks)

Persian Essay Writing = 8
Translation Exercise = 6
Creative Writing/Calligraphy = 6

✍️ Great Persian Poets & Their Works

Classical Poets (10th-15th Century)

Ferdowsi: "Shahnameh" (Book of Kings), epic poetry, Persian identity
Rumi (Mowlana): "Masnavi-ye Ma'navi", Sufi poetry, spiritual wisdom
Saadi Shirazi: "Gulistan" and "Bustan", moral and ethical poetry
Hafez Shirazi: "Divan-e Hafez", mystical Ghazals, love poetry
Omar Khayyam: "Rubaiyat", philosophical quatrains

Indian Persian Poets

Amir Khusrow: Indian Sufi poet, "Khamsa", founder of Qawwali
Mirza Ghalib: Persian and Urdu poet, philosophical depth
Bedil Dehlavi: Complex poetic style, Indian School of Persian poetry
Urfi Shirazi: Court poet of Akbar, Indian style (Sabk-e Hindi)
Faizi: Court poet of Akbar, brother of Abul Fazl

Poetic Forms: Ghazal (lyric poem), Masnavi (narrative poem), Rubai (quatrain), Qasida (ode), Marsiya (elegy), Qit'a (fragment), Fard (single line)

📚 Recommended Textbooks & References

"Dastur-e Zaban-e Farsi" - Persian Grammar textbook
"Gulistan-e Saadi" - Sheikh Muslih-ud-Din Saadi Shirazi
"Divan-e Hafez" - Hafez Shirazi
"Masnavi-ye Ma'navi" - Jalal al-Din Rumi
"Kulliyat-e Saadi" - Complete works of Saadi
"Tarikh-e Adabiyat-e Iran" - History of Persian Literature
"Amuzesh-e Khat" - Persian Calligraphy guide
"Farsi Bol Chal" - Persian Conversation guide
"Qavaid-e Farsi" - Persian Grammar rules
NCERT Persian textbooks for Class XI-XII
University of Jammu Persian Department publications

🎯 Preparation Strategy & Tips

Daily Persian Writing: Practice writing essays, summaries, and translations daily in Nastaʿlīq script
Poetic Analysis: Analyze at least one Ghazal or Rubai daily focusing on themes, imagery, and literary devices
Grammar Mastery: Create charts for verb conjugations, noun cases, and sentence structures
Historical Timeline: Prepare chronological chart of Persian literature development
Literary Terms: Memorize important Persian literary terms with definitions and examples
Prescribed Texts: Read all prescribed texts multiple times with critical annotations
Previous Papers: Solve last 5 years' papers focusing on comprehension and analysis questions
Vocabulary Building: Maintain personal dictionary of new Persian words and phrases
Cultural Context: Study Persian cultural traditions and their influence on literature

📝 Major Forms of Persian Literature

Ghazal

Lyric poem, 5-15 couplets, love/mystical themes, rhyme scheme aa ba ca

Masnavi

Narrative poem, rhyming couplets, epic/mystical stories, Rumi's masterpiece

Rubai

Quatrain, AABA rhyme, philosophical themes, Khayyam's specialty

Qasida

Ode, panegyric poetry, praise of patron, longer than Ghazal

📚 Essential Persian Literary Terminology

Grammar Terms

Sarf (morphology), Nahw (syntax), Fi'l (verb), Ism (noun), Harf (particle), Muzari (present), Madi (past)

Poetic Devices

Tashbih (simile), Isti'ara (metaphor), Husn-e Ta'lil (false etiology), Tajnis (pun), Tazmin (quotation)

Poetic Forms

Ghazal, Masnavi, Rubai, Qasida, Marsiya, Qit'a, Fard, Mustazad

Criticism Terms

Naqd (criticism), Badi' (rhetoric), Bayan (eloquence), Ma'ani (semantics), Aruz (prosody)

✍️ Eminent Persian Writers & Poets

Hafez Shirazi

Master of Ghazal, "Divan-e Hafez", mystical love poetry, most quoted Persian poet

Rumi (Mowlana)

Sufi mystic, "Masnavi-ye Ma'navi", spiritual poetry, founder of Mevlevi order

Ferdowsi

Epic poet, "Shahnameh" (Book of Kings), preserver of Persian language and culture

Saadi Shirazi

"Gulistan" and "Bustan", moral and ethical teachings, master of prose and poetry

🖋️ Persian Calligraphy & Script Styles

Nastaʿlīq: Most common Persian script, elegant, slanted, used for literature
Naskh: Simple, clear script, used for printing and Quran
Thuluth: Monumental script, used for architectural inscriptions
Shikaste: "Broken" script, cursive, difficult to read
Diwani: Court script, ornamental, used for official documents
Kufic: Ancient angular script, early Islamic period
Riqa: Simplified script, used for everyday writing

💼 Career Opportunities in Persian

Persian graduates from Jammu University have diverse career options:

Translation & Interpretation Teaching & Academia Foreign Service Cultural Organizations Tourism Industry Research Scholar Media & Journalism Archaeology & Museums

🏛️ Persian Language in Indian Culture

Historical Status: Official language of Mughal Empire (1526-1857)
Administrative Use: Court language, revenue records, official documents
Literary Influence: Impact on Urdu, Hindi, and other Indian languages
Architectural Legacy: Persian inscriptions on Mughal monuments
Educational Institutions: Persian teaching in madrasas and colleges
Cultural Synthesis: Indo-Persian culture in art, music, and literature
Modern Relevance: Persian studies in Indian universities

✍️ Essential Writing Skills for Persian Exam

Essay Writing: Structured approach with introduction, body, conclusion in Persian
Summary Writing: Concise summarization of given passages in Persian
Letter Writing: Formal and informal letter formats in Persian
Translation: Persian to English and English to Persian translation techniques
Comprehension: Answering questions based on unseen Persian passages
Poetic Analysis: Analyzing Ghazals and other poetic forms with technical terms
Grammar Accuracy: Proper use of Persian grammatical rules in writing
Calligraphy Practice: Clear Nastaʿlīq handwriting for examination

📜 Major Literary Movements in Persian

Khurasani Style (10th-12th Century): Epic poetry, Ferdowsi, panegyric qasidas
Iraqi Style (13th-15th Century): Mystical poetry, Hafez, Rumi, Saadi
Indian Style (Sabk-e Hindi, 16th-18th Century): Complex imagery, Indian Persian poets
Literary Return (Bazgasht-e Adabi, 18th Century): Return to classical styles
Constitutional Revolution (20th Century): Political and social themes
Modern Persian Literature: Contemporary themes, Western influences

🎵 Persian Prosody (Aruz) - Meter System

Bahar: Poetic meter, rhythmic pattern
Rukn: Metrical foot, basic unit of meter
Vazn: Metrical weight, pattern of syllables
Common Meters: Hazaj, Rajaz, Ramal, Mutakarib
Scansion: Analyzing meter in poetry
Rhyme (Qafiya): End rhyme in Persian poetry
Radif: Repeated word or phrase after rhyme

💡 Pro Tip: Regular reading of Persian classical texts is essential for developing language skills. Read Persian poetry daily to develop appreciation for meter and rhyme. Practice writing in Nastaʿlīq script daily to improve handwriting and speed. For poetry analysis, understand the cultural and historical context of each poet. Create summary notes for each prescribed text with important quotations. Attend Persian literary events and mushairas for exposure to Persian poetry recitation. Focus on mastering Persian grammar and script as they're fundamental to all aspects of the examination. Study the historical development of Persian in India for contextual understanding.