Jammu University Non CBCS
Geography Previous Year Question Paper
1st Semester
GO-101
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University Non CBCS Previous Year Question Paper of Geography 1st Semester.
Unit I: Introduction to Geography
1.1 Definition, Nature, and Scope of Geography
- Definition: Define geography as the study of the Earth's physical features, human activity, and their interactions.
- Nature: Explain its multidisciplinary nature, combining physical and social sciences.
- Scope: Discuss its applications in urban planning, environmental management, and geopolitics.
1.2 Division of Geography
- Branches:
- Physical Geography: Natural features and processes.
- Human Geography: Human activities and their impact on Earth.
- Regional Geography: Specific areas and their characteristics.
1.3 Physical Geography and Its Components
- Key Components: Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere.
- Explanation: Discuss how these components interact to shape the environment.
1.4 Geography and Other Disciplines
- Interdisciplinary Connections:
- Geology: Earth's structure and processes.
- Sociology: Human settlements and culture.
- Economics: Resource distribution and trade.
Unit II: Theories of Earth's Origin and Dynamics
2.1 Theories Regarding Origin of the Earth
- Nebular Hypothesis: Formation of the solar system from a rotating cloud of gas and dust.
- Kant's Hypothesis: Evolutionary theory of planetary formation.
- Planetesimal Hypothesis: Role of small celestial bodies in Earth’s formation.
2.2 Theory of Continental Drift
- Overview: Alfred Wegener’s theory on the movement of continents over geological time.
- Evidence: Fossil distribution, matching coastlines, and geological similarities.
2.3 Theory of Plate Tectonics
- Concept: Explain lithospheric plates and their movements.
- Types of Boundaries: Divergent, convergent, and transform.
- Impacts: Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formation.
2.4 Geological Time Scale
- Explanation: Division of Earth’s history into eons, eras, periods, and epochs.
- Visual Element: Include a timeline or infographic for better understanding.
Unit III: Earth's Interior and Surface Processes
3.1 Interior of the Earth
- Structure: Core, mantle, and crust.
- Composition: Differentiate between inner and outer core, mantle materials.
3.2 Rocks and Their Types
- Classification:
- Igneous: Formed from molten magma.
- Sedimentary: Formed from sediment deposits.
- Metamorphic: Altered by heat and pressure.
- Examples: Granite (igneous), limestone (sedimentary), and marble (metamorphic).
3.3 Earth Movements - Earthquakes and Volcanoes
- Earthquakes: Causes, seismic waves, and measurement (Richter scale).
- Volcanoes: Types (shield, composite, cinder cone) and their impacts.
3.4 Weathering and Erosion
- Weathering: Breakdown of rocks (physical, chemical, biological).
- Erosion: Transportation of weathered material by wind, water, or ice.
Unit IV: Landforms and Environmental Hazards
4.1 Fluvial and Glacial Landforms
- Fluvial Landforms: Features formed by river action (valleys, deltas, meanders).
- Glacial Landforms: Features formed by glacier movement (moraines, cirques).
4.2 Karst and Aeolian Landforms
- Karst Landforms: Created by chemical weathering in limestone areas (caves, sinkholes).
- Aeolian Landforms: Formed by wind action (sand dunes, yardangs).
4.3 Soil Erosion and Conservation
- Causes: Deforestation, overgrazing, and poor agricultural practices.
- Conservation Measures: Afforestation, terracing, and contour plowing.
4.4 Landslides and Avalanches
- Landslides: Causes, types, and mitigation strategies.
- Avalanches: Definition, triggers, and impact on human settlements.