Jammu University Non CBCS
Music Previous Year Question Paper
1st Semester
MU-101
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University Non CBCS Previous Year Question Paper of Music 1st Semester.
1.1 Ragas
(a) Raga Yaman
- Overview: Introduce Raga Yaman as an evening raga from the Kalyan Thaat.
- Structure: Detail the Aaroh (ascending scale), Avroh (descending scale), and key notes (Vadi, Samvadi).
- Characteristics: Highlight its serene and romantic mood.
- Notation Example: Provide a simple notated bandish (composition).
(b) Raga Durga
- Overview: Explain Raga Durga as a pentatonic (Audav) raga from Bilawal Thaat.
- Structure: Include Aaroh, Avroh, and characteristic phrases (Pakad).
- Mood: Emphasize its devotional and cheerful essence.
- Notation Example: Add a basic notated composition.
1.2 Talas
(a) Teental
- Introduction: Define Teental as a 16-beat tala divided into four sections of four beats each.
- Notation: Present its theka and typical compositions like kaidas or tukras.
- Interactive Element: Embed an audio file of a Teental tabla accompaniment.
(b) Ektal
- Introduction: Define Ektal as a 12-beat tala with symmetry in its divisions.
- Notation: Provide the theka and a sample composition.
Section B: General Musicology
2.1 Definitions of Musical Terms
(a) Vocal/Instrumental Music Terms
- Sangeet: Define as the combination of vocal music, instrumental music, and dance.
- Nad: Explain as the sound that is musical and pleasing to the ear.
- Shruti: Define as the smallest audible difference in pitch.
- Swar: Discuss as the seven basic notes in Indian music (Sa, Re, Ga, etc.).
- Saptak: Explain as the set of seven swaras forming an octave.
- Thaat: Define as the parent scales of ragas.
- Raga: Explain as a melodic framework for improvisation.
(b) Short Definitions
- Aroh: Ascending order of notes in a raga.
- Avroh: Descending order of notes in a raga.
- Pakad: Signature phrase of a raga.
- Vadi: Most prominent note of a raga.
- Samvadi: Second most prominent note.
- Anuvadi: Supporting notes in a raga.
- Vivadi: Dissonant or discordant note.
- Vargit-Swar: Notes omitted in a raga.
2.2 Biographical Sketches
(a) Pandit V.N. Bhatkhande
- Contribution: Discuss his role in codifying Indian classical music into the Thaat system.
- Legacy: Highlight his educational reforms and written works like "Hindustani Sangeet Paddhati."
(b) Pandit V.D. Paluskar
- Contribution: Explain his efforts in popularizing Indian classical music through institutional training.
- Legacy: Mention his role in introducing notations and spreading music education.
Additional Content Suggestions
Definition of Ragas and Talas of the Course of Study
- Provide a summary of the distinctive features of each raga and tala covered.
- Use tables for easier comparison between Aaroh, Avroh, and characteristic features.
Interactive Features
- Include audio or video clips demonstrating the ragas and talas.
- Offer downloadable PDFs of notations for learners.